四川龙门山地区早-中泥盆世混积相遗迹化石及其环境分析          下载免费PDF全文

荆锡贵  李凤杰  成晓雨  杨晓琪  张昊  沈凡 《中国地质》2018,45(2):377-391

龙门山地区早—中泥盆世碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩组成的混合沉积相富含大量海相遗迹化石,可识别居住迹、进食迹、觅食迹、爬行迹和停息迹5大类14属,包括居住迹:Skolithos;进食迹:Chondrites、Phycodes、Planolites、Rhizocorallium、Thalassinoides和Zoophycos;觅食迹:Cylindrichnus以及Palaeophycus;爬行迹:Cruziana和Monomorphichnus;停息迹:Asterichnus、Lockeia和Rusophycus等,这些遗迹化石分属于4个遗迹化石组合,反映了不同沉积环境,分别为:(1)Skolithos—Thalassinoides遗迹组合,沉积于高能砂质环境中,为水动力较强的无障壁滨岸前滨;(2)Rusophycus—Phycodes遗迹化石组合反映了水动力较弱的近滨环境;(3)Chondrites—Palaeophycus遗迹化石组合反映了贫氧、水动力条件较弱的近滨下部环境;(4)Zoophycos—Palaeophycus遗迹化石组合反映的环境为正常浪基面以下,风暴浪基面以上的风暴沉积环境,据此建立了龙门山地区早—中泥盆世混积相遗迹化石生活环境分布模式。龙门山地区早—中泥盆世发现的3种类型Zoophycos遗迹化石,与腕足介壳富集层、波痕、丘状和洼状交错层理等反映浅水环境的沉积特征共存,表明泥盆纪Zoophycos形成于浅水环境。  相似文献   

Urban Sustainability Evaluation Based on Remote Sensing and Network Data Support: Progress and Prospect     

Xiaoyu Song  Jun Gao  Xin Li  Weiyue Li  Zhonghao Zhang  Liangxu Wang  Jing Fu  Chunlin Huang  Feng Gao 《地球科学进展》2018,33(10):1075-1083

The sustainable development of the city is the key to the realization of the global sustainable development goals. Urban sustainability evaluation is a measure to the sustainable development of cities, and basis of sustainable urban development. The current evaluation method is based on statistical data which is low spatial resolution, long period and high cost. In recent years, remote sensing data, network data and the multivariate data have been used for the evaluation for the sustainable development of cities, and there have been many related research cases, which provides a new idea and method to carry out the high resolution evaluation of urban sustainable development rapidly, accurately and cheaply. This article reviewed the remote sensing data and network data in the progress of the application in the evaluation to the sustainable development of cities, and discussed the advantages of remote sensing and network big data in the objectivity, accuracy, and timeliness of evaluation compared with traditional data. Based on the sustainable urban development indicators of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), a basic framework for the evaluation of sustainable development of cities with high temporal and spatial resolution of big data such as remote sensing data and network big data was proposed. The introduction of remote sensing and network big data will change the inherent paradigm of sustainability assessment, make high-resolution real-time evaluation possible, further innovate analytical techniques, improve data accuracy, and make clear the alternative relationship with traditional data being the focus and the only way to realize the replacement of traditional data by remote sensing and network big data.  相似文献   

Localized failure in unsaturated soils under non-isothermal conditions     

Xiaoyu Song  Kaiqi Wang  Ming Ye 《Acta Geotechnica》2018,13(1):73-85

Fluctuations of temperature and degree of saturation have considerable influence on the mechanical, hydraulic and retention properties of unsaturated soils. Localized failure is a ubiquitous feature of geomaterials. Major research on localized failure of geomaterials has been focused on geomaterials under the isothermal condition. In this article, we study the localized failure of unsaturated soils under non-isothermal conditions. In particular, we derive the isothermal and adiabatic bifurcation conditions from a homogeneous deformation at the constitutive level under a locally drained condition. A recently proposed meso-scale constitutive model for thermal unsaturated soils is used to derive the isothermal and adiabatic acoustic tensors. We present the spectral form of the consistent tangential elasto-plastic operator from a local material integration algorithm. The numerical simulations at the material level are conducted to study the impact of temperature on localized failure of unsaturated soils under the plane strain condition. The numerical results show that the timing and the critical angle of bifurcation are dependent on temperature.  相似文献   

Characteristics of water masses and bio-optical properties of the Bering Sea shelf during 2007–2009     

Yubin Yao  Tao Li  Xingyuan Zhu  Xiaoyu Wang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(10):140-153

The hydrographic and bio-optical properties of the Bering Sea shelf were analyzed based on in-situ measurements obtained during four cruises from 2007 to 2009. According to the temperature and salinity of the seawater, the spring water masses on the Bering Sea shelf were classified as the Alaskan Coast Water, Bering Sea Shelf Water, Anadyr Water, Spring Mixed Layer Water, Remnant Winter Water, and Winter Water, each of which had varying chlorophyll a concentrations. Among them, the highest chlorophyll a concentration occurred in the nutrient-rich Anadyr Water ((7.57±6.16) mg/m3 in spring). The spectrum-dependent diffuse attenuation coefficient (K_d(λ)) of the water column for downwelling irradiance was also calculated, exhibiting a decrease at 412–555 nm and then an increase within the range of 0.17–0.48 m–1 in spring. Furthermore, a strong correlation between the chlorophyll a concentration and the attenuation coefficient was found at visible wavelengths on the Bering Sea shelf. Spatially, the chlorophyll a concentration was higher on the northern shelf ((5.18±3.78) mg/m3) than on the southern shelf ((3.64±2.51) mg/m3), which was consistent with the distribution of the attenuation coefficient. Seasonally, the consumption of nutrients by blooms resulted in minimum chlorophyll a concentration ((0.78±0.51) mg/m3) and attenuation coefficient values in summer. In terms of the vertical structure, both the attenuation coefficient and the chlorophyll a concentration tended to reach maximum values at the same depth, and the depth of the maximum values increased as the surface temperature increased in summer. Moreover, an empirical model was fitted with a power function based on the correlation between the chlorophyll a concentration and the attenuation coefficient at 412–555 nm. In addition, a spectral model was constructed according to the relationship between the attenuation coefficients at 490 nm and at other wavelengths, which provides a method for estimating the bio-optical properties of the Bering Sea shelf.  相似文献   

中国大陆沿海鲆科新记录属——线鳍鲆属(Taeniopsetta)和新纪录种——眼斑线鳍鲆(Taeniopsetta ocellata)*     

张少秋  孔晓瑜 《热带海洋学报》2022,41(1):1-6

2016年10月采自北部湾海域的1尾鱼类标本经鉴定为线鳍鲆属Taeniopsetta Gilbert, 1905的眼斑线鳍鲆Taeniopsetta ocellata(Günther, 1880), 隶属于鲽形目Pleuronectiformes鲆科Bothidae, 这是该属和种首次在中国大陆海域的报道。线鳍鲆属的主要形态特征包括: 体长卵圆形; 双眼位于头左侧; 口小; 有眼侧和无眼侧均有1行小尖牙; 鳞细小, 仅体左侧有1条侧线; 雄鱼有1枚强吻棘和2或3枚眼棘, 雌鱼吻棘和眼棘很钝或无; 无眼侧腹鳍始于有眼侧第2根腹鳍鳍条基部右侧; 腹鳍基较短; 背鳍和臀鳍的部分鳍条延长成丝状。眼斑线鳍鲆的主要形态特征为: 两侧胸鳍不等长; 雄鱼背鳍的第13~17根鳍条及臀鳍的第1~6根鳍条延长成丝状; 体左侧背腹缘分别有2~4个不规则的“V”形或半圆形中空黑色斑块, 斑块内部具一黄色圆斑。  相似文献   

红海榄幼苗根系呼吸代谢对水淹胁迫的响应     

程皓  王友绍  马晓宇 《热带海洋学报》2022,41(6):12-19

本研究利用人工潮汐系统(每天淹水0、6、12和18h), 研究了红海榄幼苗根系呼吸代谢对水淹胁迫的响应。结果表明, 每天淹水6h对红海榄幼苗的生长影响不大, 但随着水淹时间的延长, 红海榄幼苗的生长显著受到抑制。水淹时间的延长同样明显抑制了红海榄幼苗根系的产能效率, 且根系三羧酸循环的有氧呼吸速率、三磷酸腺苷含量以及琥珀酸脱氢酶和苹果酸脱氢酶活性最小值均出现在每天水淹18h处理组中。相反, 水淹胁迫下红海榄幼苗根系乙醇脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶活性以及乙醇和乳酸含量都呈上升的趋势。综上, 尽管无氧呼吸可一定程度上缓解三羧酸循环受阻所导致的产能匮乏, 但是过度的水淹胁迫仍会扰乱红海榄幼苗正常的生长和代谢, 导致三磷酸腺苷产能效率的降低以及无氧发酵代谢产物的积累。  相似文献   

基于声呐图像的水下目标识别研究综述          下载免费PDF全文

檀盼龙  吴小兵  张晓宇 《数字海洋与水下攻防》2022,5(4):342-353

水下目标识别是水下无人探测的一项核心技术,在军事和民用领域都有重要的应用。根据当前的水下目标识别研究进展,全面阐述基于声呐图像的水下目标识别原理和方法,对总结研究现状、发现存在的问题以及挖掘潜在的研究方向具有积极意义。针对基于声呐图像的水下目标识别问题,论述了图像去噪、 图像分割以及水下目标识别等方面的主要进展,阐述了基于深度学习实现声呐图像目标识别的最新技术发展现状。通过对水下目标处理过程的讨论和分析,指出基于声呐图像的水下目标识别算法中亟需解决的关键科学问题及可能的解决思路,并对该领域的未来发展方向做了进一步的展望。  相似文献   

大连湾石油污染沉积物中细菌群落结构分析     

高小玉  明红霞  陈佳莹  李江宇  韩俊丽  林凤翱  樊景凤 《海洋学报》2014,36(6):58-66

大连新港"7.16"输油管道爆炸溢油事故发生后,为探究石油污染与细菌群落结构变化之间的关系及在石油生物降解过程中起重要作用的细菌菌群,本研究对大连湾表层沉积物中石油烃含量和细菌宏基因组16SrDNA V3区进行分析。结果表明:溢油初期2010年8月DLW01站位表层沉积物石油烃含量高达1 492mg/kg,符合第三类沉积物质量标准,随着时间推移,2011年4月、2011年7月、2011年12月航次各站位沉积物中石油烃含量基本呈下降趋势,且均符合第一类沉积物质量标准;16S rDNA PCR-DGGE方法分析表明,石油烃含量高的区域优势细菌种类少,反之则较丰富;海洋环境中同一地点的细菌群落能保持一定稳定性;大连湾石油污染沉积物中变形菌门γ-变形菌纲和拟杆菌门一直保持较高的优势度,是在石油生物降解过程中起重要作用的细菌菌群,而厚壁菌门只在石油烃含量低的区域出现;此外,出现的对污染物敏感的嗜冷杆菌可作为石油污染指示生物进行深入研究。  相似文献   

Morphological and molecular evidence supports the occurrence of a single species of Zebrias zebrinus along the coastal waters of China     

WANG Zhongming  KONG Xiaoyu  HUANG Liangmin  WANG Shuying  SHI Wei  KANG Bin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(8):44-54

The so-called zebra sole includes a group of small flatfishes characterized by transverse band pairs on the ocular side and distributed throughout shallow waters along the coast of the Indo-West Pacific Ocean. Sev-eral species of the zebra sole have been recorded from the coastal waters of China. Morphological analysis of 1 107 specimens of the zebra sole from 15 successive localities along the China’s coast demonstrated that no significant variations among these localities were found on the basis of meristic counts and morphometric characters. Phylogenetic analysis based onCOI gene sequences of 14 individuals and D-loop of 22 indi-viduals from eight localities showed that they were indistinguishable among these localities. Therefore, both morphological and molecular evidence supported the occurrence of a single species of the zebra sole along the China’s coast. The available name for this species isZebriaszebrinus （Temminck and Schlegel, 1846） in-stead ofZ.zebra （Bloch, 1787）.Zebrias fasciatus（Basilewsky, 1855） andSolea ommatura （Richardson, 1846） are considered here as two synonyms ofZ. zebrinus.  相似文献   

Microstructure and Morphology of Quartz from Late Quaternary Sedimentary Rocks in Lushan Mts. China, and Its Environment Process     

HU Dongsheng  Li Xiaoyu  XIONG Weiqiang  ZHANG Huajing  GONG Hujun  HU Wenxuan  ZHANG Guowei 《地质学报》2012,86(6)

基于庐山山地晚第四纪地层典型断面的系统调查,从地层剖面层序中筛选的微粒(θ=1～3mm)石英颗粒进行环境电子显微镜观测研究,辨认出显微结构-颗粒形态-变形构造-动力化学作用等特征,运用系统过程发展中的节点事件进行层型剖面的环境响应分析,采取综合指标表征地球表层过程及环境响应情景,明确划分出四个古气候环境发展阶段,由下往上分别表现为冰期环境-间冰期环境-冰缘环境-冰后期环境,为深入研究及科学认识庐山第四纪环境演化过程及全球变化提供了新的基础依据.  相似文献